Maltese Islands Village Feasts
During summer, there's at least a couple of festas every weekend. The traditional feasts of the saints remain an integral part of the life of the Church and of the culture of the Maltese Islands.
The festa is the main social event in the village throughout the year. Festa week is the outcome of months of hard work by volunteers. The week-long festivities celebrate the parish patron saint. On the day of the feast, the statue of the patron saint is carried on shoulders to the accompaniment of brass bands as it goes around the village streets in a procession.
The celebrations themselves include magnificent firework displays, for which the Maltese
Islands are well known, brass band music and street life.
Band music is one of the most popular traditions on the Islands. Every town and village has at least one, usually two band clubs. Traditional festa snacks include the rich, colourful nougat.
Under the summer skies, families meet in the central village square to chat and catch up on local news. The village feast is basically the opportunity for all families to get together and above all
it is the perfect occasion for visitors to experience Maltese village life.
STREET FEAST BANNERS
(All handmade by talented Maltese Artists )
Different Colours banners for different feast Villages
Land Feast Fireworks
Worth Seeing till the End
Right Click HERE
Sky Feast Fireworks
Worth Seeing Till the End
Right Click HERE
Churches
There are 313 Catholic churches on Malta (in 64 parishes), while Gozo's 15 parishes support 46 Catholic churches. Together with Comino's single church they make the magic number 360.
Baroque churches in Malta and Gozo dominate the skyline. Domes and steeples can usually be seen from many kilometres away. The dominance is not only present from the point of view of architecture but on a social level too. The baroque style of architecture was predominant after the Renaissance. The baroque is a grandiose style and it aims to emphasizes man’s smallness in relation to authority. This explains the spacious halls, enormous windows and entrances of the Knights’ auberges in Valletta
THE CHURCHES AND CHAPELS IN MALTA
Ever since St Paul was shipwrecked in Malta religion has played a very important role in the life of the Maltese people. This is evident by the hundreds of churches and chapels scattered throughout the islands of Malta and Gozo. Many of these magnificent structures were built hundreds of years ago.
Churches in Malta and Gozo dominate the skyline and the domes and steeples can usually be seen from many miles away. You can usually find the centre of a town or village by driving towards the parish church although many towns and villages usually have two or more churches and chapels.
The churches of Malta and Gozo are usually very interesting buildings, both from a historical and architectural perspective. Like many other buildings in Malta, the churches are built out of big limestone blocks quarried on the islands. The limestone is soft and easy to work with. Maltese sculptors, architects, builders and artisans have taken advantage of this and as a result many of the churches are adorned with intricate sculptures inside and out.
Another interesting feature in old Maltese architecture is the addition of niches with statues of saints prominently located at the corner of buildings. There are usually found in older sections of towns and villages. Sometimes, these shrines ca also be found by themselves along country streets. Some of these shrines were erected to commemorate a deceased relative or some other significant event in the lives of the people who lived in the area.
Although some of the churches look pretty unimpressive on the outside from an architectural point of view, the interior of many of them is usually very rich in comparison. Marble and crystal chandeliers are very common in older churches. Statues of saints and the Virgin Mary are also very prominent in most churches. Many of the statues are mounted on pedestals that can be equipped with carrying poles since statues are used during processions to celebrate parish feasts and other religious occasions.
Many churches in Malta are decorated with paintings, frescos, and tapestries. In the early history of the Maltese church, parishioners gave generously to the local church in order to build the most beautiful and rich church they could afford. Old rivalries between parishes and even between local churches and chapels within the same village was the incentive for many parishioners to donate time and money to their church. Some of these rivalries are still evident today when parishioners celebrate their parish feast with band marches, processions and fireworks.
On these occasions, streets are decorated with colourful statues of angels and saints, colourful lights and lavishly decorated cloth banners. Band marches and outdoor concerts are held days before the procession and people from other parts of the island flock to the town to visit relatives and friends or just to partake in the festivities.
Loud fireworks can usually be heard all over the island starting days before the actual feaSt After the procession, which usually takes place on a Sunday evening, the festivities culminate in an extravagant display of fireworks that can be seen from miles away. A lot of money is spent on the firework displays since each town tries to outdo neighbouring towns. In many towns, there are even rivalries between different band clubs with the town. These rivalries manifest themselves in band marches and fireworks displays.
The parish feasts, or "festas" as they are known in Malta, are very interesting and joyous celebrations in most villages and towns. Many tourists plan their visits to Malta to coincide with some of these feasts.
Most of the feasts are celebrated during the summer months of June, July and August but some other important feasts are celebrated during other months of the year. A good example of this is the many Good Friday processions held throughout the islands. The Good Friday processions are usually very elaborate and hundreds of parishioners are involved in the preparations. Many, participate in the actual processions dressed in costumes of the period when Jesus was crucified. These processions usually include dozens of statues depicting the "Stations of the Cross." Thousands of people travel to the villages and towns holding these processions.
My favourite Good Friday procession is the one held in the village of Qormi. The procession
winds its way through the narrow windy streets of the old sections of Qormi as people line the streets.
Date | Feast | Location |
January 26 | Conversion of St Paul | St John's Co-Cathedral, Valletta |
February 10 | St Paul Shipwrecked | Valletta and Munxar, Gozo |
February 28 | Jesus of Nazareth | Sliema |
March 19 | St Joseph | Rabat, Malta |
April 13 | St Publius | Floriana/Furjana |
May 4 | St Winstin | Valletta |
May 19 | Our Lady of Fatima | Gwardjamangia |
May 25 | Holy Trinity | Marsa |
St Paul | Munxar, Gozo | |
June 1 | Feast of the Annunciation | Tarxien |
June 8 | Eucharist of Jesus Saviour | Ghasri, Gozo |
St Philip | Haz-Zebbug | |
Our Lady of the Rosary of Fatima | Pieta' | |
June 15 | St Catherine | Zejtun |
The Heart of Jesus | Fontana, Gozo | |
June 21 | St John the Baptist | St John's Co-Cathedral, Valletta and Xewkija, Gozo |
St Joseph the Worker | Birkirkara | |
St John the Baptist | Xewkija, Gozo | |
June 28 & 29 | St Peter and St Paul¹ | St John's Co-Cathedral, Valletta and Nadur, Gozo |
St Peter and St Paul | Nadur, Gozo | |
St Nicholas | Siggiewi | |
St George | Qormi | |
Pure Heart of Mary | Burmarrad | |
July 6 | Our Lady of Mount Carmel | Fleur-de-Lys |
St Joseph the Worker | Birkirkara | |
St Paul | Rabat, Malta | |
St Andrea | Luqa | |
The Immaculate Conception | Hamrun | |
Sacred Heart | Sliema | |
July 13 | Our Lady of Mount Carmel | Gzira and Fgura |
Our Lady of Succor | Kercem, Gozo | |
Anunciation | Hal-Balzan | |
St Joseph | Kalkara | |
July 16 | Our Lady of Mt. Carmel | Valletta |
July 20 | St Joseph | Msida |
St Sebastian | Qormi | |
St George the Martyr | Rabat, Gozo | |
July 27 | St Margaret | Sannat, Gozo |
Christ the King | Rahal Gdid | |
Our Lady of Mt. Carmel | Balluta | |
Our Lady of Sorrows | St Paul's Bay/San Pawl il-Bahar | |
St Anna | Marsascala | |
St Venera | Sta Venera | |
August 3 | St Dominic | Valletta |
St Peter | Birzebbuga | |
Our Lady of Lourdes | San Gwann | |
St Joseph | Qala, Gozo | |
Our Lady of Pompeii | Marsaxlokk | |
August 6 | Our Saviour | Lija |
August 10 | St Lawrence | Vittoriosa |
St Lawrence | San Lawrenz, Gozo | |
St Gajetan | Hamrun | |
August 15 | St Mary | Attard, Ghaxaq, Gudja, Mosta, Mqabba, Qrendi, Tal-Griegi and Cathedral, Rabat, Gozo |
August 17 | Our Lady of Lourdes | Rahal Gdid |
St Mary | Dingli and Mgarr, Malta | |
August 21 | St Pius X | Santa Lucija |
August 24 | Stella Maris | Sliema |
St Helen | Birkirkara | |
St Mary | Zebbug, Gozo | |
St Bartholomew | Gharghur | |
August 25 | The Conversion of St Paul | Hal Safi |
St Joseph the Worker | Manikata | |
August 31 | St Julian | St Julians/San Giljan |
Marija Regina | Marsa | |
Our Lady of Loretto | Ghajnsielem, Gozo | |
St Gregory the Great | Sliema | |
September 7 | St Catherine | Zurrieq |
September 8 | Marija Bambina | Naxxar, Senglea, Mellieha and Xaghra, Gozo |
September 14 | Our Lady of Grace | Zabbar |
September 21 | St Leonard | Hal Kirkop |
November 16 | St John of the Cross | Ta' Xbiex |
December 8 | The Immaculate Conception | Bormla and Qala, Gozo |
The Parish Church of St Lawrence in Vittoriosa
This is the oldest church in Malta. It is said that it was a gift from Count Roger the Norman, when he came to Malta in 1090. In its present style it was built in the 17th century and designed by the Maltese architect Lorenzo Gafa, who also designed the Cathedral in Mdina and the Cathedral in Gozo.
The Knights of the Order of St John used the parish church of St Lawrence as their Convent Church. One must remember that Valletta was not yet built when the Knights came to Malta in 1530. The Knights of the Order of St John did not settle in Mdina, the old capital, as by now they had organized themselves into a military order and they wanted to be close to their ships. Mdina was too far away from the harbor. This church is built in Baroque style and is in the shape of a Latin cross. The columns are of a very beautiful pinkish colored marble and on each column one can see the eight-pointed cross. The titular painting depicts the martrydom of St Lawrence and was painted by Mattia Preti.
The feast of St Lawrence is celebrated in August. The statue which is carried shoulder high through the streets of Vittoriosa is made of silver.
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A tradition that stretches back to the 16th century, village parish festas are a time for both
spiritual contemplation and for the whole parish to come together. The festa is the main social event in the village year and the week is the outcome of months of hard work by willing volunteers and
villagers to feel a strong, close-knit camaraderie after so many months of preparation. |
The Religious feast or the Festa is the word which implies the transformation of a town or village. The streets will become adorned with flowers, flags, statues, bulbs, lavishly decorated cloth banners and what have you. Activity is the order of the day as many people will be seen working at odd hours or under a scorching sun in order to do all the necessary works for the village festa. People are ready to go at great lengths in order to celebrate the festa in a special way.
The feast is becoming more demanding year in year out as parishes compete in order to produce the best feast on the island. It's a yearly custom that each year the commission responsible for external celebrations collects a considerable sum of money in order to add a statue or some flags or tapestries to the already rich heritage in the parish.
Nowadays celebrations start nine days before the actual feast day. During these nine days there are several and different celebrations taking place: band marches and other
musical performances are organized in the streets; special days are organized in the church's building to cater for different age-groups or different religious groups working in the
parish.
The Maltese Islands are renowned for the splendid fireworks, street decorations and marci (festa music performed by the town bands). The celebrations culminate in a grand finale of spectacular firework displays. Throughout the events, there is plenty of brass band music, peeling of bells and street life.
Roads are populated by stall holders selling food, toys and local nougat. Local bars are crowded by revelling customers. All events are synchronized by a statue representing the patron saint. Keen villagers parade the statue through the streets and back to church, supported by warmhearted rounds of applause from onlookers.
The church is illuminated with thousands of bulbs and festooned with decorations, inside and out. Ardent parishioners imitate this custom with their own properties. Families and friends are invited to admire the ornaments and to enjoy a celebratory drink. There is a rare captivating element present in a typical Maltese village festa. It is a time for spiritual contemplation and for the whole parish to unite.
Feasts are considered as the main social event in a village's calendar year. The Festa Merchandise category collects the best products available for selected feasts in Malta and Gozo.
Anici Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 494 375 |
Kazin Festi Esterni San Gorg Qormi, |
Tel: +356 21 484 363 |
Socjeta Filarmonika Pinto, Banda San Sebastjan, |
Tel: +356 21 441 946 |
St George Band Club, |
Tel: +356 21 441 801 |
Astra Theatre, |
Tel: +356 21 556 256 |
La Stella Band Club, |
Tel: +356 21 559 366 |
Leone Band Club Aurora Opera Theatre, |
Tel:+356 21 562 974 |
Banda San Gwann, |
Tel: +356 21 373 886 |
Beland Band Club, |
Tel: +356 21 694 314 |
Ghaqda Banda Zejtun, |
Tel:+356 21 693 476 |
Duke of Connaught Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 441 534 |
St Helena Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 442 196 |
Ghajnsielem Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 564 686 |
Ghaqda Karmelitana Banda Queen Victoria, |
Tel:+356 21 689 491 Mob: +356 7959 2571 |
Socjeta Muzikali Santa Katerina V.M., |
Tel:+356 21 640 354 |
Ghaqda Madonna Tal-Grazzja, |
Tel: +356 21 828 419 |
Societa Filarmonica Maria Mater Gratiae, |
Tel:+356 21 829 194 |
Ghaqda Melita Banda San Guzepp, |
Tel:+356 21 334 916 |
Ghaqda Muzikali L'Isle Adam, |
Tel:+356 21 454 538 |
Kazin San Pawl Banda Konti Ruggieru, |
Tel:+356 21 450 298 |
Socjeta' Muzikali La Stella, |
Tel:+356 21 696 474 |
La Stella Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 696 474 |
Ghaqda Muzikali Maria Assunta, |
Tel:+356 21 696 092 |
Ghaqda Muzikali Marija Annunzjata, |
Tel:+356 21 806 618 |
Ghaqda Muzikali San Guzepp, |
Tel:+356 21 695 767 |
Socjeta Filarmonika Sagra Familja, |
Tel:+356 21 809 928 |
Ghaqda Muzikali San Guzepp, |
Tel:+356 21 897 754 |
Ghaqda Muzikali Santa Marija, |
Tel: +356 21 804 113 |
Ghaqda Muzikali San Guzepp, |
Tel:+356 21 563 592 |
Ghaqda Muzikali San Pietru Fil-Ktajjen, |
Tel: +356 21 654 728 |
Socjeta Filarmonika San Pietru Banda Birzebbugia A., |
Tel:+356 21 650 34 |
Ghaqda Muzikali Santa Marija Banda Re Gorg V, |
Tel:+356 21 683 020 |
Socjeta Muzikali Tal-Gilju-Banda Lily, |
Tel:+356 21 683 021 |
Ghaqda Muzikali Santa Marija, |
Tel:+356 21 451 341 |
Ghaqda Muzikali u Socjeta Tal-Karmnu, |
Tel:+356 21 809 811 |
Ghaqda Siggiewi Brass Band & Social Club (Festival), |
Tel:+356 21 466 483 |
Holy Trinity Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 238 439 |
Kumitat Festi Esterni, |
Tel: +356 21 249 025 |
Maria Regina Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 244 342 |
Imperial Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 523 467 |
Kazin Filarmonika Santa Marija, |
Tel:+356 21 433 871 |
Nicolo Isouard Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 432 179 |
Kazin San Guzepp u Banda De Rohan, |
Tel:+356 21 460 870 |
St Philip Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 463 003 |
King's Own Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 236 020 |
La Vallette Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 221 818 |
Societa Filarmonika Nazjonale La Vallette, |
Tel:+356 21 221 818 |
Lourdes Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 664 693 |
Socjeta Filarmonika De Paule Banda Kristu Re, |
Tel:+356 21 693 271 |
Lourdes Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 642 629 |
Socjeta Muzikali Santa Marija Qrendi, |
Tel:+356 21 640 313 |
Mnarja Band Club, |
Tel: +356 21 556 885 |
Mount Carmel Band Club, |
Tel: +356 21 330 922 |
Peace Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 431 621 |
Victoria Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 414 189 |
Prekursur Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 557 495 |
Prince Of Wales Own Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 661 300 |
St Lawrence Band Club, |
Tel: +356 21 807 526 |
Queen's Own Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 690 107 |
San Bartilmew Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 434 791 |
Sliema Philarmonic Society, |
Tel:+356 21 334 925 |
Socjeta Muzikali San Girgor, |
Tel:+356 21 320 273 |
Socjeta Muzikali Tal-Karmnu Balluta, |
Tel:+356 21 347 013 |
Stella Maris Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 331 743 |
Socjeta Filar. Marija Assunta, |
Tel: +356 21 420 934 |
Socjeta Muzikali 'La Stella Levantina' - AD.1894 Banda Santa Marija, |
Tel:+356 21 436 321 |
Socjeta Filarmonika Banda Vilhena, |
Tel:+356 21 231 465 |
Socjeta Filarmonika Marija Annunzjata, |
Tel: +356 21 491 723 |
St Gabriel Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 445 840 |
Socjeta Filarmonika San Gorg, |
Tel:+356 21 897 532 |
Spinola Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 332 074 |
Spinola Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 384 010 |
St Julians Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 342 507 |
St Andrews Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 809 375 |
Union Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 676 583 |
St Gaetan Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 236 018 |
St Joseph Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 230 409 |
St Joseph Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 689 525 |
St Leonard Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 685 738 |
St Paul's Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 689 279 |
St Paul's Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 571 288 |
St Pius X Band Club Lija, |
Tel:+356 21 431 852 |
St Venera Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 440 259 |
Victoria Band Club, |
Tel:+356 21 556 835 |
The Collegiate Church of St Paul in Rabat
This church, dedicated to St Paul, is situated in the suburb of Mdina, Malta's old capital, Rabat. It was built to the left of the cave known as St Paul's grotto and right outside the walls of the old capital. It was therefore known as 'San Paolo fuor le Mura' like in Italy, which means 'St Paul outside the walls'.
The earliest records of this church date back to 1372. It was dedicated to St Paul, because according to tradition St Paul prayed for three months in the grotto under the church, while trying to convert the Maltese to Christianity, when he was shipwrecked in Malta in 60 AD.
The St Paul's grotto just beneath the church has a little legend to it. It says that the stones of the grotto could heal snake bites and fever. The legend goes further and says that every stone that is broken from the grotto grows again so the grotto remains always the same size.
From the grotto one can see a very small section of St Paul's Catacombs. But, as the St Paul's Catacombs belong to the State, whilst the Grotto belongs to the church authorities, these catacombs were separated and now only a very small part of the catacombs are still visible from the grotto.
Under the main church of St Paul are two small chapels. It is said that it is here that the first two Sacraments were held. Publius the Governor of the Islands at the time, was baptized and also consecrated bishop of Malta. Before, the place where these chapels are, was used as a prison by the Romans. One can still see the loops in the ceiling which were used to hang chains and ropes for persecution.
The Sanctuary of Our Lady in Mellieha
According to records this is the oldest sanctuary dedicated to Our Lady. This sanctuary has always been popular with locals and foreigners alike. This could be due to the fact that according to tradition the apostles Paul and Luke had visited this sanctuary. Moreover, the picture of Our Lady is the oldest painted Madonna that still survives.
In 871AD the Arabs attacked the Island of Malta. During the Arab Rule many people suffered because of their religion. This church was not closed during the Arab Rule and many people could probably come here to pray. When Roger the Norman came to Malta in 1090, everything was quickly changed. One could now practise one's religion in the open. It was not only the Maltese, who visited this sanctuary, even the King of Sicily came here. Later the Knights of the Order of St John visited this sanctuary regularly. In 1857 Bishop Gargallo ordered two monks to paint the Madonna once again as the picture was in a very poor condition and this is how the original painting was discovered. In 1614 the Turks came up Mellieha Bay. They came to this Sanctuary and tried to destroy the icon. The statues and the icon were badly damaged. Immediately many pilgrims came here to pray. The shrine was once more re-painted. The main altar was decorated with sculptures and columns and the icon was covered in a coating of silver. The main door was later erected by a group of pilgrims. On top of the main door the following was put up: 'In You our fathers had put their trust and You delivered them'.
In the 19th century the chapel was enlarged. In 1973 during the restoration of the icon the original authentic effigy of the Madonna with a child was unexpectedly discovered. The icon has beautiful light color and dominates the whole church. The icon in this Shrine has long been worshipped. The pictures in the sacristy narrate the long history of marvelous graces obtained.
Mdina Cathedral
The Mdina Cathedral is the real cathedral of Malta. Although we have St John's Co Cathedral, a diocese can only have one cathedral. St John's is called co-cathedral, because when the Knights of the Order of St John built their convent church they wanted to raise it to the status of a Cathedral. As two of the grandmasters later became popes they were granted this privilege and called their convent-church co-cathedral. In 1693 Mdina was hit by a severe earthquake and the cathedral which before was in an Apullian-Romanesque style was practically totally destroyed. When it was re-built between 1697 and 1702 it was built in Baroque style. Before the earthquake there was no square in front of the Cathedral but only a narrow street, like many of the streets one sees in Mdina. The square was opened in front of the cathedral to give the cathedral a more impressive facade, as baroque is always a dramatic style.
The cathedral has two elegant belfries and six bells. On the top of the main door are three coat-of-arms. One belongs to Grandmaster Perellos, who paid for the building of the Cathedral, one is the coat-of-arms of Mdina and the last one is the coat-of-arms of the Bishop Torres, who opened the Cathedral. The only part of the cathedral, which survived the earthquake is the part behind the altar in the apses. There one can admire a beautiful painting by Mattia Preti, depicting the shipwreck of St Paul. The choir stalls behind the altar are very intricately carved and date back to the 16th century. From the 16th century is also the Baptismal Font at the back, with marble underneath and beautifully-carved wood on top. The grave-stones here are another work of art in themselves and show the bishops and noble families that are buried in the cathedral. In the Cathedral one can admire several beautiful monuments, of some important people who are buried here. The vault of the cathedral was painted by two Italian brothers by the name of Francesco and Antonio Manno. The pictures depict episodes from the life of St Paul, to whom the Cathedral is dedicated. The dome, probably one of the most elegant on the island, was painted by another Italian artist by the name of Gallucci. A few years ago the vault and dome were restored by a certain Samuel Bugeja from Sliema and he did a very fine job indeed. The Cathedral like most churches in Malta is in the shape of a Latin cross. On the left aisle, just before coming to the chapel of the Blessed Sacrament, one can still admire the original door of the Cathedral, which also survived the earthquake. It is a very fine specimen of a door made of wood brought from the Irish bogs. It is intricately carved and almost looks like bronze. As one moves on to the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament top left, one can admire the tabernacle made in solid silver and the work of the well-known Italian artist Benvenuto Cellini. The icon of the Madonna above the tabernacle is attributed to St Luke. St Luke had suffered shipwreck along with St Paul in 60 AD according to the Acts of the Apostles in the Bible. St Luke was both a doctor and an artist. The flooring of the chapel of the Blessed Sacrament and of the chapel of the Holy Crucifix on the right-hand side have beautifully designed marble flooring, matching the ceiling and the beautiful wooden gates - the work of Felic Zahra a Maltese craftsman. The lamps are Venetian and the Organ is French. It is 300 years old and is still played to this very day. This church boasts very good acoustics. So does the square in front of the Cathedral and in summer when concerts are given in the open right in front of the Cathedral, the atmosphere is very impressive. This, of course, is just a very brief write-up of what one can admire in the Cathedral.
Mosta Parish Church
This church was built between 1827 and 1865. It was designed by Maltese architect Giorgio Grognet de Vasse. This church was built round a much smaller and simpler church as the town of Mosta grew larger. The people of Mosta, who at the time numbered 3000 inhabitants, built the church themselves and paid for it out of their own pockets. The specialty of this church is, undoubtedly, its dome. It has the third largest unsupported dome in Europe after the Vatican in Rome and St Sophia in Istanbul. This church is dedicated to the Assumption of Our Lady into Heaven and celebrates its feast on the 15th August. This church is known as the Rotunda because of its round shape. All the paintings are the work of Maltese artists. The people of Mosta maintain that in this church there is enough space for 1000 people seated and 10000 people standing. In the sacristy, which is open to the public as well, one can see a replica of a bomb (the original one was thrown in the sea to explode) which fell through the dome without exploding during the second world war. Mosta has grown into one of our larger towns and now has a population of 12,000 people. The Parish Church of Mosta also boasts a very solemn Good Friday procession, when not only one statue is carried through the streets, but seven statues showing various episodes in the passion of Christ.
St Paul's Shipwreck Church
This church is situated in St Paul's Street in Valletta. The first church was built in 1609. Grandmaster Lascaris had paid for the building of the church. The facade in Baroque style was finished in 1885. It has two belfries and seven bells. The decorations were done by the Maltese sculptor Antonio Busuttil. Under the belfries are two statues - Saints Peter and Paul. Both were done by Vincenzo de Candia. In the middle is a statue of Our Lady. The Frescoes of the vault and also the pictures in the apses and choir are all the work of the Roman painter Attilio Palombi. The pictures in the vault show episodes in the life of St Paul. The organ dates back to the 17th century and is one of the oldest organs in Malta. Here are approximately forty grave-stones. They are made of marble and mosaic. The church has eight chapels, four on the right and four on the left. This church is rich in silver, with silver altar facades, candlesticks and lamps which were given to the church over the years. The treasures in this church cannot be compared with any other church in Malta. In the sacristy is a portrait of Grandmaster Manoel de Vilhena by Antoine de Favray. Other portraits are of Grandmasters and Popes which had something to do with the history of the church.
St John's Co Cathderal
This was the convent church of the Knights of the Order of St John. It was designed by our Maltese architect Girolamo Cassar between the years 1573 and 1577. The Knights of the Order of St John were essentially a religious order. They took vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. Before Valletta was built the Order of St John lived in Vittoriosa and used the parish church of St Lawrence as their convent church.
The facade of St John's Co Cathedral is more like a fort as Girolamo Cassar had helped with the planning of Valletta and he always had this thing in mind - defense. But from the inside St John's is a splendid baroque and, quite breath-taking to take in, after the severe exterior. Although the facade is not so impressive it has, albeit, some interesting features. On the right are three clocks - one shows the time, one shows the day of the week and the other shows the date. In the middle is a balcony with balustrades. From this balcony was announced the name of the newly-elected grand-master. It was customary for the grand-master to throw golden coins on the people who were waiting in the square for the news. Under the balcony are three coat of arms. One is of Grand Master La Cassiere, who paid for the building of the Cathedral, one is of Bishop Torres who opened the Cathedral and the third is the coat of arms of religion. The columns on the main door are Tuscan, therefore massive and impressive.
The main altar was covered in silver but Napoleon Bonaparte stole the silver. The candlesticks on the main altar and the lamp hanging in front of the main altar are both in solid silver. They were a present from one of the Grand Masters. It was customary that when a new Grand Master was elected he gave an expensive present to the Order. It was not easy to become a Knight of the Order of St John. First of all one had to have nobility for eight generations. Then one had to take vows of poverty, chastity and obedience.
The statue, depicting the Baptism of Christ by St John the Baptist behind the altar, was sculptured by the well-known artist Giuseppe Mazzuoli. The interesting fact about this statue is that, although one sees two figures, they are in fact hewn out of one big solid marble block. The vault of St John's was painted by the Italian artist Mattia Preti. The specialty of Mattia Preti was that he painted directly on prepared stone, that is to say he used the stone like he would use a canvas, by oiling it and then painting directly on to the stone. Many artists who painted in Churches painted on canvas and then stuck the canvas to the ceiling. Mattia Preti was known as the Cavalier from Calabria as he had already joined the order before he came to Malta. The vault is divided into six sections and each section has three pictures depicting episodes in the life of the patron saint of the Order St John the Baptist. At the back opposite the main altar is a picture also by Mattia Preti showing the various duties of the order that is to help the sick, poor and wounded in times of peace and war, irrespective of race or religion. On either side of each window is a figure and at the back of each figure is a shadow. That is indeed no shadow but was also painted by Mattia Preti. The shadows are so perfectly done, that they look like refracted light. But if one had to go in the evening the shadows would still be there. The decorations on the wall were all paid for by the two Cottoner brothers Raphael Cottoner and Nicholas Cottoner. These brothers were both grand-masters. In fact on the left hand side of the church one can see the monograms RC and NC.
St John's Co Cathedral has 375 graves. The gravestones, all in marble, show the knights and grand-masters that are buried in this cathedral. The only exception who is buried here is Mattia Preti. Mattia Preti remained here in Malta till he died in 1699. He spent five long years making this church beautiful so it was only fitting that he be buried in the church which he loved so much. On the top of each column is a plain white cross on a red background as, when the Order was formed, it adopted the Benedictine habit, which is a white cross on a red background - the cross of peace on the blood-stained fields of war. The eight-pointed cross, now known as the Maltese cross, came much later. Some historians say that the eight points signify the eight lands where the Knights of St John came from, while other historians say that, being a Religious Order, the four triangles are the four virtues and the eight points are the beatitudes coming out of the four virtues.
St John's Co Cathedral has nine chapels - four on the right and five on the left.
Starting with the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament -on the top right-hand side. The gates here are made of solid silver and, the icon of the Madonna above the tabernacle (in solid silver too), represents the Madonna of Philermos and it was brought to St John's from the St Catherine of Italy chapel.
The next chapel belongs to one of the French languages Auvergne. It is dedicated to St Sebastian one of the early Christian martyrs. Here there is only one monument and it is dedicated to Grandmaster Annet de Clermont de Chattes - Gessan. His rule lasted only five months as then he died.
The next chapel is dedicated to Aragon, the Spanish language. Here is another picture by Mattia Preti. When the Knights of the Order of St John wanted to know what Mattia Preti could do they asked him to send over a painting before they commissioned him to do the vault. He sent this picture of St George on a white horse. They liked what they saw and commissioned Mattia Preti to paint the vault of St John's Co Cathedral. In this chapel are four beautiful monuments to four Spanish grand-masters - Raphael Cottoner and his brother Nicholas, Martin DeRedin and a magnificent monument by Giuseppe Mazzuoli to Grand Master Perellos, who was a prince.
The last chapel on the right-hand side belongs to the language of Castile and Leon, the Portuguese language. All the pictures in this chapel are by Mattia Preti. Here there are two fine monuments dedicated to two Portuguese grandmasters - Manoel Pinto and Manoel de Vilhena.
On the other side, on the top left hand side is the Anglo-Bavarian chapel. When King Henry VIII quarreled with the Pope. King Henry disbanded the knights and took all their property. When they managed to join the order again, they joined to the Bavarian league - hence the Anglo-Bavarian chapel. This chapel is dedicated to St Charles Borromeo. The gates here, made of bronze, were once the gates to the chapel of the Blessed Sacrament. The next chapel is the chapel dedicated to the language of Province. It is dedicated to St Michael. The lunette here is by an unknown German artist, probably Lucas Killian. Here we have two monuments dedicated to two grandmasters from the region of Province - Jean Lascaris and Antoine de Paule. In this chapel from the top one can see the crypt which is no longer open to the public. Amongst other Grand masters is buried here Grand Master Jean Parisot de la Vallette, the grandmaster who was responsible for building Valletta.
Further down on the left is the chapel dedicated to the French language and to the Conversion of St Paul. Here there are three monuments of three French grand masters Adrien Wignacourt and Joachim Wignacourt and an impressive mausoleum dedicated to Emanuel de Rohan. In this chapel is a very beautiful monument. It is the only monument which has nothing to do with the order. It is dedicated to the Vicount of Beaujolais. He was the brother of king Louis Philippe. He was in Malta on holiday with his brother in 1808 and whilst on holiday he died. Being a person of royal birth, a beautiful monument was erected in his honor in the chapel for the French language.
The chapel before the last on the left hand side is the chapel dedicated to the Italian Language. This chapel is dedicated to the mystical marriage of St Catherine. Here there is only one monument of one Italian grandmaster - Gregorio Carafa. In this chapel there is also find one of the paintings by the well-known artist Caravaggio - the St Jerome. This painting was stolen some years back. The thieves threatened to tear it up if they did not get the ransom. It was found some years later badly damaged. It was sent to Rome to be restored and now hangs where it was before.
The last chapel on the left is dedicated to the German language. This is also dedicated to the feast of the three kings - the Epiphany. Here there are no monuments dedicated to grandmasters. The reason being that the last and only German grandmaster was Ferdinand Von Hompesch and his reign lasted only one year, as then in 1798, Napoleon came to Malta and the Knights went back to their countries of origin. Hompesch died in Montpelier. Ironic but true, this was the only chapel in St John's to be bombarded and hit by the Luftwaffe. They hit just their own chapel and it was restored after the war.
Of great interest in St John's Co Cathedral is the Oratorium. Here is where the Beheading of St John by Caravaggio is. This is the only picture which is signed by Caravaggio. This was discovered some years back when the picture was sent to be restored in Rome. This picture is five by three meters in size. Mattia Preti painted the pictures in the Oratorium, around the picture of Caravaggio, to harmonize with it. Caravaggio came to Malta in 1606 probably serving a penal sentence on one of the Order's galleys. He found favor with the Order and in the Oratorium itself he was allowed to join this elite Order. He was very proud of the fact so much so that the beheading of St John is the only one signed by Caravaggio. There is an 'F' in the blood coming out of the blood of the head of St John. He signed 'F' because being a religious order they called each other Frate, which means brother. Caravaggio was not his real name. His real name was Michelangelo Merisi or Merissi from Caravaggio, which is a little town outside Milan, where he was born. His father was an architect and he was not poor either like many people think. Caravaggio came after the Renaissance, where everything had to be perfect and everyone had to be beautiful and well-clad. This, Caravaggio felt, did not show the real soul of the artist. Once, the Church asked Caravaggio to paint a Madonna. When he finished the painting the Church would not accept it. They said the Madonna has no decorum as she is not wearing any sandals and besides he used prostitutes for his models. But Caravaggio was not perturbed he said 'It does not matter if the Church does not want my painting. I shall put it on the streets and let the people decide for themselves'. The people just went wild about his paintings. Caravaggio also started what in Italian is known as 'luce di cantina' that is 'the light of the cellars'. This means he uses a strong light to focus the main point or points and all the picture is built round this light. Caravaggio built three paintings while he was in Malta. These are the St Jerome in the Cathedral, the Beheading in the Oratorium and a portrait of grand master Olaf de Wignacourt in his gold-embossed armor. The armor is in the armory in The Grandmasters Palace in Valletta, while the portrait is in the Louvre in Paris. Being a bit of a wild type Caravaggio soon got himself into trouble. He was imprisoned in Fort St Angelo, sent away from the Order in the very Oratorium where he was enrolled into it, and it is said with the help of a knight he managed to escape from Fort St Angelo. On his way to Rome at the age of only 39 years he died. We are very lucky that Caravaggio came to Malta, as Caravaggio is a very big name in the world of art. He stayed in Malta one and a half years.
Also of great interest in St John's is the museum where, amongst other things, there are 29 tapestries which were a present from Grandmaster Perellos.